基于创新创业系统认知的大学生创新创业能力培养

Cultivation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability of College Students Based on the Cognition of Innovation and Entrepreneurship System

以复杂科学管理理论为指导,系统认知创新与创业。构建创新认知模型,包括"成果—活动—能力"创新过程模型、"创新活动—创造新事物"创新内涵模型、六维创新特征模型和创新素质动力模型等,以描述创新的系统认知;构建创业与创业者认知模型,包括创业动态互动模型、创业者素质冰山模型、八维创业者核心能力模型等,以描述创业的系统认知。在此基础上,提出3个教育理念——为学生的一生做准备,跨学科教育、跨文化思维,科研是投入、人才是产出;6种教育方式——七字培养理念、重基础和追踪前沿、课程设置留下空闲、多元化考试方式、研究型学习、策划参与的实践活动;1个大学生创新创业的评价体系。理论贡献是从系统的角度对创新—创业—创业者分别构建创新、创业、创业者认知模型。实践意义是提出具有参考价值、实际应用的大学生创新创业人才培养的教育理念、教育方式、评价体系。

With the guidance of the complex scientific management theory,innovation and entrepreneurship are systematically recognized to describe the systematic cognition of innovation,the innovation cognitive model is constructed including the innovation process model of"results-activityability",the innovation connotation model of"innovative activities-creating new things",the sixdimension innovation characteristic model and the innovation quality dynamic model.In order to describe the systematic cognition of entrepreneurship,a cognitive model of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs is constructed including the dynamic interaction model of entrepreneurship,the iceberg model of entrepreneurs’quality,and the eight-dimensional core competence model of entrepreneurs.On this basis,three educational concepts are put forward to prepare students for their whole life,interdisciplinary education,cross-cultural thinking,with scientific research as input and talent as output.And six ways of education are proposed with seven-word cultivation concept,focusing on the foundation and tracking the forefront,curriculum setting with spare time,diversified examination methods,research-oriented learning,planning to participate in practical activities.An innovation and entrepreneurship evaluation system for college students is constructed.The theoretical contribution is to construct cognition models of innovation,entrepreneurship and entrepreneur respectively for innovation,entrepreneurship and entrepreneur.The practical significance is to put forward a training mode of college students’innovative and entrepreneurial talents with reference value and practical application.