依恋对情绪调节过程的影响

The effect of attachment on the process of emotional regulation

以依恋理论为基础的研究已证明依恋对情绪调节的影响,但这些研究忽视了情绪调节作为一个过程的复杂性和多样性,因此现有研究无法回答依恋为何会对情绪调节产生影响。扩展过程模型将情绪调节分为三个阶段,并清晰地描述了情绪调节的过程以及过程中各因素之间的关系。从该模型来看,在情绪调节的三个阶段均可发现与依恋有关的个体差异,并且依恋对于情绪调节早期阶段的影响可能是导致后期阶段产生个体差异的原因。未来的研究应在探讨依恋对情绪调节的影响的同时关注环境因素的影响;设计新的实验范式以证实情绪调节三阶段的连续性并探索依恋影响情绪调节的潜在机制;探讨依恋对情绪调节灵活性的影响。此外,未来的干预研究应设计更具针对性的干预措施来改善非安全依恋个体的情绪调节。

Previous studies based on attachment theory have proved the influence of attachment on emotion regulation. However, these studies ignore the complexity and diversity of emotion regulation as a process,and therefore cannot answer how attachment can affect emotion regulation. The extended process model divides emotion regulation into three stages, clearly describes the process of emotion regulation and the relationship between various factors in the process. From the perspective of this model, individual differences related to attachment can be found in all the three stages of emotion regulation, and the influences of attachment on the early stages may be the reason for the differences in the subsequent stages. Future studies should focus on the influence of attachment on emotion regulation while paying more attention to the effect of environmental factors. New experimental paradigms need to be designed to confirm the continuity of the three stages and explore the reasons why attachment could affect emotional regulation. It is necessary to explore the influence of attachment on the emotion regulation flexibility. In addition, future intervention studies should design more targeted interventions to improve the emotion regulation of insecurely attached individuals.