2016~2019年南宁市西乡塘区学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种情况分析

Analysis on influenza vaccination of preschool children in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City in 2016-2019

目的分析2016~2019年广西南宁市西乡塘区学龄前儿童流感疫苗的接种情况,为进一步做好妇幼保健工作提供参考。方法选择2016~2019年广西免疫规划信息管理系统在册管理的广西南宁市西乡塘区6月龄至5岁的学龄前儿童为研究对象,收集他们的性别、年龄、住址以及流感疫苗接种情况等资料,分析不同年份、不同年龄段儿童的流感疫苗接种率;比较常住儿童和流动儿童、城区儿童和农村儿童的流感疫苗接种率。结果2016~2019年广西南宁市西乡塘区6月龄至5岁儿童的流感疫苗接种率分别为12.27%、14.85%、17.64%和18.37%。6月龄~、2岁~、3岁~、4~5岁儿童的流感疫苗接种率分别为19.72%、20.16%、14.15%、11.94%;3岁以下儿童的接种率较高,4~5岁儿童的接种率较低,各年龄段儿童的接种率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2016~2019年各年度广西南宁市西乡塘区常住儿童的流感疫苗接种率均高于流动儿童的接种率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2016~2019年广西南宁市西乡塘区的城区学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种率均显著高于农村学龄前儿童的接种率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2016~2019年广西南宁市西乡塘区学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种率偏低,常住儿童、城区儿童的疫苗接种率明显高于流动儿童和农村儿童;加强流感、流感疫苗相关知识的宣教力度,进一步改善疫苗接种条件,大幅提高儿童的流感疫苗接种率才能有效减少流感的季节性流行。

Objective To analyze the vaccination of seasonal influenza vaccine for preschool children in Xixiangtang District,Nanning,Guangxi from 2016 to 2019,and to provide reference for further work on maternal and child health care.Methods Preschool children aged from 6 months to 5 years old in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City,Guangxi,which were registered and managed by Guangxi immunization program information management system from 2016 to 2019,were selected as the research objects.Information such as age,gender,address and influenza vaccination status were collected,and the influenza vaccination rates of children at different ages and years were analyzed.The influenza vaccination rates among resident and migrant children,urban and rural children were compared.Results From 2016 to 2019,the influenza vaccine rates of children aged 6 months to 5 years in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City,Guangxi,were respectively 12.27%,14.85%,17.64%and 18.37%.The influenza immunization rates were 19.72%,20.16%,14.15%and 11.94%for children aged 6 months,2 years,3 years,and 4 to 5 years,respectively.Vaccination rates were higher among children under 3 years old and lower among children between 4 and 5 years old.There were statistically significant differences in vaccination rates between children of all ages(P<0.05).The influenza vaccination rate of the resident children in Xixiangtang District,Nanning,Guangxi in each year from 2016 to 2019 were higher than those of the migrant children,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).From 2016 to 2019,the influenza vaccination rate of the urban preschool children in Xixiangtang District of Nnaning City,Guangxi was significantly higher than that of the rural preschool children,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion From 2016 to 2019,the influenza vaccination rate of preschool children in this area is still low,and the influenza vaccination rates of resident children,urban children are significantly higher than those of the migrant children and rural children.In order to effectively reduce the seasonal epidemic of influenza,it is necessary to strengthen publicity of knowledge concerning influenza and influenza vaccines,further improve the vaccination conditions and substantially increase the influenza vaccination rate of children.