基于眼动追踪的旅游导航地图锚点与参照系设置对空间认知过程的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of Anchor Points and Reference Frames on Spatial Cognitive Process in Tourism Navigation Map Based on Eye Tracking Technology

网络导航地图在智能终端中应用日趋广泛。为研究锚点设置、参照系等不同交互设计状态对人们空间认知过程的影响,文章选取40名被试,在虚拟导航过程中进行眼动追踪实验。实验在有无设置锚点,相对参照系与绝对参照系的不同导航状态下,获取被试空间认知过程相关数据,并结合测试结果进行分析。结论是两种参照系条件下,有锚点地图被试AOI注视持续时间、注视总次数及对空间信息掌握准确率都显著高于无锚点地图。在有锚点条件下,绝对参照系中AOI注视持续时间显著高于相对参照系。说明包含锚点的导航地图,兴趣区内更能够引起关注,让注意力更集中于路线上,从而能够提高对空间相关信息的记忆和理解。默绘分析结果表明,有锚点条件下绝对参照系中被试默绘得分更高,更有助于被试心理模型的构建。导航地图在满足导航效率的同时应逐步提升使用者空间认知体验,尤其是在旅游地图、服务类App定位等使用场景下,可以通过锚点的合理设计,结合参照系模式的灵活应用逐步优化人们空间认知过程,让导航地图交互设计与体验更趋人性化。

Network navigation map is widely used in intelligent terminal.In this study,40 subjects were selected to conduct eye tracking experiments during a virtual navigation to study the effects of anchor point settings and reference frames on people’s spatial cognitive process.The conclusion is that in two reference frames,AOI fixation duration,total fixation times and accuracy are significantly higher on subjects with a anchor point map,and that under the anchor point condition,the fixation duration of AOI is significantly higher in the absolute reference frame.Navigation maps with anchors and areas of interest attract more attention and allow more attention to be focused on the route,thus to improve memory and understanding of spatially relevant information.The results of the silent drawing analysis showed that the subjects scored higher in the absolute reference system with anchor points,which was more helpful to the construction of the mental model of the subjects.While meeting the requirements of navigation efficiency,navigation maps need to improve users’spatial cognitive experience.Especially in the use of scenarios such as tourism maps and service app positioning,flexible application of anchor points and reference frames can gradually optimize people’s spatial cognitive process,so as to make the interactive experience of navigation maps more humanized.