沈从文“乡下人”意识的情感变迁

On Emotional Changes of Shen Congwen’s“Countryman”Consciousness

无论是作为一种身份符号还是情感认同方式,“乡下人”意识贯穿了沈从文毕生的文学创作和生命历程。20世纪20年代初期,在理想与现实的巨大反差下,沈从文的“乡下人”意识初显;随着沈从文文学创作的成熟,20世纪20年代末到20世纪30年代末,“乡下人”作为他一个成熟的生命符号与都市世界分庭抗礼,建构起其本体与精神的生存方式。20世纪40年代是沈从文文学和人生的转型过渡期,一直到20世纪80年代沈从文去世,“乡下人”这一身份认同从未缺席,并在岁月变迁中呈现出不同阶段的情感属性。

Whether as an identity symbol or a way of emotional identification,the consciousness of“countryman”has penetrated Shen Congwen’s whole literary creation process and life course.In the early 1920s,under the great contrast between ideals and reality,Shen Congwen’s“countryman”consciousness began to germinate;as his literary creation gradually matured,from the late 1920s to the late 1930s,the“countryman”became a mature symbol of life in contrast to the urban world,and Shen Congwen constructed his ontology and spiritual survival.The 1940s was the transitional period of Shen Congwen’s literature and life.Until the writer’s death in the 1980s,this identity was never absent.As time went by,“countryman”for more than half a century has shown emotional attributes adapted to different stages.