我国医疗损害鉴定中尸检现状及存在问题与改进建议

The Present Situation and Some Deficiencies of Autopsy in the Medical Damage Identification in China and Suggestions for Improvement

目前我国医疗损害鉴定案例的尸检率较低。因尸解分病理解剖和法医解剖两类,故尸检报告也存在病理解剖报告和法医学司法鉴定意见书两种。但医疗损害尸检及其文书的质量与国务院新近发布的《医疗纠纷预防和处理条例》的精神存在一定的距离:一是病理解剖报告缺乏全国统一规范的文书格式,二是尸检后的病理解剖报告和法医学司法鉴定意见书都不同程度地存在一些质量问题,这从一个侧面反映出尸检本身也存在质量问题。建议主管部门、开展尸检的单位及个人要进一步重视医疗损害尸检工作及其文书质量问题;加强业务培训,提高尸检及其文书的质量;强化监管和质量监控,从制度上保证文书质量。

At present,the autopsy rate of medical damage identification cases in China is relatively low,which can be divided into both of pathological autopsy and forensic autopsy,so there are two kinds of autopsy reports:pathological autopsy report and forensic autopsy identification opinion.However,there is a gap between the autopsy of medical damage cases and its document quality and the spirit of documents of regulations on the prevention and treatment of medical disputes issued recently by the State Council.First,the pathological autopsy report lacks an unified and standardized document format.Second,the pathological autopsy report after the autopsy and the forensic judicial appraisal opinion exist some quality to varying degrees.This also reflected from one aspect that there were some quality deficiencies of autopsy itself.It is recommended that the competent departments,units and individuals that carry out autopsy should pay more attention to the autopsy documents'quality,strengthen professional training and improve the quality of autopsy and its documents,and strengthen supervision and quality control and ensure the quality of autopsy documents from an institutional perspective.