论侵犯公民个人信息罪的司法适用误区及其匡正

On the Misunderstanding of Judicial Application of the Crime of Infringing the Personal Information of Citizens and Its Correction

在目前的司法实践中,对公民个人信息的认定同时存在着内涵不清与外延不当扩张的缺陷,其根源在于未能充分认识到识别性标准与个人信息权对于判断公民个人信息所具有的重要作用。理论研究一方面对识别性的识别限度未予以足够的重视,另一方面则缺失对个人信息权之权利属性与构造的深入挖掘,以致无法为实务提供理想的操作方案与背书理由。应当在限定识别深度与明确个人信息权之权利内涵的基础上,采取由识别性至个人信息权的双重检视路径,将侵犯公民个人信息罪的适用范围限制在因非法出售、提供、获取具备识别性的信息而侵害公民个人信息权的场合。

In the current judicial practice,there are some defects in the identification of citizens’personal information,such as unclear connotation and improper extension.The root of the defects lies in the failure to fully realize the important role of identification standard and personal information right in judging citizens’personal information.On the one hand,the theoretical research does not pay enough attention to the identification limit of identifiability;on the other hand,it lacks the in-depth exploration of the right attribute and structure of personal information right,which makes it impossible to provide ideal operation scheme and endorsement reason for practice.On the basis of defining the depth of identification and clarifying the connotation of the right of personal information,we should take the dual inspection path from identification to the right of personal information,and limit the scope of application of the crime of infringing citizens’personal information to the occasions where citizens’personal information right is infringed by illegally selling,providing and obtaining the identifiable information.