全球价值链下中国木质家具出口技术复杂度测度与提升路径研究

Research on the Measurement and Promotion Approach of Chinese Wood Furniture Export Technology Complexity under Global Value Chains

中国是世界木质家具生产和贸易大国,木质家具出口量长期位居世界首位。通过构建木质家具出口技术复杂度测算模型,对中国木质家具四大类出口商品的全部技术复杂度(WTS)和国内技术复杂度(DTS)及对应产业层面的出口技术复杂度(ES、ESS)进行测算,客观评估其全球价值链地位。结果显示:我国木质家具行业及其四类产品的全部出口技术复杂度与国内出口技术复杂度总体呈上升态势,表明木质家具出口技术水平不断提高、出口技术结构逐步优化,在全球价值链中的地位持续攀升,但其变化趋势反映出我国木质家具仍集中于全球价值链低端环节;木质家具行业、四类家具产品的全部出口技术复杂度与国内出口技术复杂度差距逐步拉大,表明我国木质家具难以摆脱对发达经济体进口原材料和中间品的依赖,产业整体出口技术水平仍然不高,制约了全球价值链地位的攀升。应加强技术创新,注重培育高端要素资源禀赋;提高原材料自主供给能力,增强产业链价值链自主可控性;激发内外循环动能,促进需求扩容升级;积极塑造自主品牌,优化国际营销策略,从而加快提升全球价值链地位。

China is a big country of wood furniture production and trade in the world,and the export volume of wood furniture has been ranked the first in the world for a long time.By building the calculation model of the technical complexity of wood furniture export,this paper calculates the total technical complexity and domestic technical complexity of China’s four categories of wood furniture export commodities and the corresponding industrial level export technical complexity,and objectively evaluates its position in global value chains.The results show that:the total export technical complexity and domestic export technical complexity of China’s wood furniture industry and its four types of products are on the rise,indicating that the level of wood furniture export technology is constantly improving,the structure of export technology is gradually optimized,and its position in global value chains continues to rise,but its changing trend reflects that China’s wood furniture is still concentrated in the low end of global value chains The gap between the total export technology complexity of the wood furniture industry and four types of furniture products and the domestic export technology complexity is gradually widening,which shows that China’s wood furniture industry is difficult to get rid of the dependence on the import of raw materials and intermediate products from developed economies,and the overall export technology level of the industry is still low,which restricts the rise of the global value chain status.We should strengthen technological innovation,focus on cultivating high-end factor resource endowment,improve the independent supply capacity of raw materials,and enhance the independent controllability of industrial chain and value chain.We should stimulate internal and external circulation kinetic energy,promote demand expansion and upgrading;actively shape independent brands,and optimize international marketing strategies,so as to accelerate the promotion of global value chain status.