振动式侧铲根茎类药材挖掘机的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of the Rootstock Excavator with a Vibratory and Side Shovel

针对现有根茎类中药材收获时存在牵引阻力大、根土分离差的等问题,设计了一种振动式侧铲根茎类药材挖掘机,主要由栅条铲装置、侧铲装置、连杆装置、抖动压切装置及升运器等重要部件等组成。对关键装置进行运动和受力分析,确定了关键结构和运动参数。对样机进行了田间试验,结果表明:整机在运行过程平稳可靠,无壅土现象;当挖掘深度为460mm时,振动式侧铲根茎类药材挖掘机挖净率为97.3%,伤损率为2.6%,明茎率为95.4%,各项试验指标达到标准和设计要求,能够实现根茎类中药材的高效率收获作业。

Aiming at the problems of large traction resistance and poor root-soil separation in the harvesting of existing rootstock herbs,the rootstock excavator with a vibratory and side shovel was designed,which mainly consists of fence shovel device,side shovel device,connecting rod device,shaking pressure cutting device,conveying chain and other important components.The results show that the machine is smooth and reliable in operation without soil congestion.When the digging depth is 460mm,the rootstock excavator with a vibratory and side shovel is 97.3%,the injury rate is 2.6%and the open stem rate is 95.4%.All the test indexes meet the standard and design requirements,and can realize the high-efficiency harvesting operation of root and stem herbs.