向日葵茎秆切割能耗实验研究

Energy Consumption of Sunflower Stalk Cutting by Pendulum Cutting Experiment

针对向日葵在收获切割过程中的力学变化较为复杂,现存葵花茎秆收割装置存在切割不完整、效率低和能耗高等问题,拟采用摆切式切割试验台对葵花茎秆切割能耗进行实验,研究切割速度、滑切角、割刀刃角对切割能耗的影响以及不同条件下切割能耗的变化规律。实验结果表明:①切割速度在2~3.8m/s范围内时,切割能耗逐步减小,并慢慢减缓;②滑切角在20°~45°范围内时,切割能耗先增大后减小,且滑切角度为30°时的切割能耗为最大;③当割刀刃角在30°~50°范围内时,切割能耗先减小后增大,且割刀刃角为45°时切割能耗最小;④3个影响因素对切割能耗影响的主次顺序为:切割速度>滑切角>割刀刃角。实验可为茎秆收割、开展机械化收获关键部件研究、进一步改进机具性能、开发低能耗的收获机械、提高葵花茎秆收割效率提供一定依据。

For sunflower in harvest cutting mechanics of the process of change is more complicated,now on the market exist for sunflower stalk harvesting device for cutting the incomplete,low efficiency,high energy consumption,the proposed cutting type cutting test-bed experiment of sunflower stem cutting energy consumption and the cutting speed,the sliding cutting angle and cutting angle of the blade for cutting energy consumption and the influence of the change rule of cutting energy consumption under different conditions.It can be concludedfrom the experimental results that:①When the cutting speed ranges from 2m/s to 3.8m/s,the cutting energy consumption gradually decreases and slowly slows down;②When the sliding angle is in the range of 20°-45°,the cutting energy consumption first increases and then decreases.When the sliding angle is 30°,the cutting energy consumption is the maximum.③When the cutting blade angle is in the range of 30°-50°,the cutting energy consumption first decreases and then increases;when the cutting blade angle is 45°,the cutting energy consumptionis the minimum.④Among the three influencing factors,the order of influencing cutting energy consumption is:the cutting speed is better than the sliding cutting angle than the cutting blade angle.This experiment provides certain experimental basis for research on key parts of stem harvesting and mechanized harvesting,further improvement of machine performance,development of low-energy harvesting machineryand improvement of efficiency of sunflower stem harvesting.