北宋道书的编集与《祥符道藏》刊刻

Compilation of Daoist Books in the Northern Song Dynasty and Publishing of the Xiangfu Daozang

"道藏"原为汇集道家书籍藏诸一地的名称,"总而谓之曰经,聚之于室曰藏"(宋夏竦语)。自唐代开始,经以政府为主导,集合多方力量,蒐集道学、道教书籍成为书例,"道藏"就成为集历代道书于一的称谓;同时,随着书籍进入雕版刷印时代,《道藏》又成为体量庞大之刊本,它始于宋初,继之有明。结合前贤研究成果,梳理史籍记录,可知北宋太宗、真宗、仁宗、徽宗时代皆有《道藏》结集,其初刻《道藏》是真宗时故事,主事者为王钦若;按后世的题名例,可称之为《祥符道藏》。

Daozang, also called Daoist Canon, is a large, imperially sponsored collection of Daoist books and teachings which commenced in the Tang dynasty. As Xia Song of the Song dynasty said, Daoist texts were brought together as “Canon”, and they were kept in special locations. With the introduction of block printing, many new scrolls were added into Daozang, a move lasting from early Song to Ming. Based on the prior research findings, it is known from the collation of past records that during the reign of Emperors Taizong, Zhenzong, Renzong and Huizong in the Northern Song dynasty, different versions of Daozang were produced. Where, the original version was printed in the years of Emperor Zhenzong, in which Wang Qinruo played a leading role. By the approach of naming, this version may be referred to as Xiangfu Daozang.