清末民初马克思主义在中国的早期传播研究(1899—1912)

Study of the Early Dissemination of Marxism in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republican China (1899—1912)

清末民初出版业态的变革引发思想文化传播的革命性变化,马克思主义开始在中国传播。日本和法国是清末民初马克思主义向国内传播的两个重要渠道。马克思主义在中国的早期传播历经了从零碎译介到选择性传播的转变,部分马克思主义术语实现了跨语境转换。马克思主义在中国早期传播的主体是多元的,传播者因政治立场和目标不同,在传播内容的选择上有差异。总的来看,阶级斗争学说和政治经济学说被译介的要早一些,马克思主义在中国的早期传播因此存在"梯次传播"的现象。马克思主义在中国的早期传播促进了先进知识分子主体意识的觉醒,为中华民族历史命运的改变孕育了新动力。

The reform of publishing format in the late Qing Dynasty and Early Republican China led to some revolutionary changes in the transformation of Chinese ideologies and cultures.During this period,Marxism was translated and introduced into China.Japan and France were two important channels of the introduction of Marxism in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican China.The early dissemination of Marxism in China has experienced a transformation from fragmentary translation to selective transmission,and the translation of some Marxist terms was cross-context transformation of the source terms.The early translators and introducers of Marxism differed in their choice of the content based on their political stance and goals.In general,the doctrine of class struggle and the doctrine of political economy were translated earlier,so there was a phenomenon of“laddering”in the early dissemination of Marxism in China.The early dissemination of Marxism promoted the awakening of subject consciousness and the integration of forces of social change in intellectuals,providing the ideological impetus for the change of the historical destiny of the Chinese nation.