抗逆力培育下失独老人的身份认同危机及重建

Identity Crisis and Reconstruction of the Elderly Bereft of Their Only Child from the Perspective of Resilience

失独老人在经历重大创伤性事件后面临深层次固化的自我身份“特殊化”和集体身份“差别化”的危机。这种认同危机对失独老人及其生活产生了极大的负面效应,严重影响到他们晚年的生活质量。研究尝试运用抗逆力理论,分析如何通过社会工作介入提升失独老人对抗身份认同危机的能力,重建其身份认同。主要以三个失独群体社会工作服务项目中的运作过程为研究对象,在研究社会工作的介入过程中,发现抗逆力的培育可以逐步减缓失独老人身份认同危机的影响和对其生活的负面连锁效应,同时可以增强失独老人的个体能力特质和环境支持网络建设,达到重建其身份认同的目的。

The elderly bereft of their only child often suffer from a deep and solidified crisis of“specialized”self-identity and“differentiated”collective identity after experiencing major traumatic events.The identity crisis has a negative effect on them and a huge impact on the quality of their later life.This study attempts to improve the ability of the elderly whose only child has passed away to cope with the identity crisis and rebuild their identity through social work intervention from the perspective of resilience.The article studies this social group alone in three social work services projects.It is found that through improving resilience,the elderly can mitigate the negative domino effect caused by the identity crisis,enhance their individual abilities and build a stronger supporting network so as to rebuild their identity.