有机肥部分替代化肥对春暖式大棚西兰花产量和品质的影响

Effect of Partial Replacement of Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Broccoli in Spring Greenhouse

为实现春暖式大棚西兰花优质高产高效生产,在等氮条件下研究有机肥不同比例(0、15%、30%、45%、60%)替代化肥对春暖式大棚西兰花产量、效益、品质以及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:春暖式大棚有机肥部分替代化肥处理西兰花产量都有所提高,土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均有增加趋势。与CK相比较,30%比例替代处理每667 m^(2)增效115.88元;45%和60%比例替代处理的西兰花蛋白质和可溶性糖含量均增加,硝酸盐含量均下降。综合春暖式大棚西兰花产量、效益、品质和土壤养分等因素,有机肥部分替代化肥(氮)以30%为最佳。

In order to achieve the high quality,high yield and high efficiency production of broccoli in spring greenhouse,the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer (0,15%,30%,45%,60%) partially replacing chemical fertilizer on the yield,benefit and quality of broccoli and soil nutrients in spring greenhouse were studied under equal-nitrogen fertilizer conditions.The results showed that the yield of broccoli increased and the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased in spring greenhouse by partial replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer.Compared with CK,30% proportion replacement treatment could increase benefit by 115.88 yuan per 667 m^(2).The contents of protein and soluble sugar increased in 45% and 60% replacement treatments,respectively,while the contents of nitrate nitrogen decreased.Considering the yield,benefit,quality of broccoli and soil nutrients in spring greenhouse,partial replacement of chemical fertilizer (N) with 30% of organic fertilizer was the best.