再生稻联合收获机脱粒分离装置的设计与试验

Design and Performance Test of Ratoon Rice Threshing Separation Device

项目组所研制的再生稻联合收获机的收获特点与普通水稻联合收获机不同,虽然头季稻收获时只割下稻株上方稻穗部分,但通过加宽割幅使喂入量增加至5kg/s。与一般水稻脱出物相比,头季稻秆青叶茂,含水率高,仅收穗头时收获长度为30cm左右,茎秆较少,因此收割后进入脱粒分离装置的草谷比约为0.5:1。根据以上特点,设计了一种纵轴流脱粒分离装置,主要由钉齿脱粒滚筒、栅格凹板筛及可调导向角顶盖等组成。以水稻品种“Y两优911”为试验对象,对该脱粒分离装置进行田间性能试验,结果表明:采用滚筒转速为760r/min、凹板栅条轴向间距为19mm、导向板导角为19°的脱粒分离装置的未脱净率和夹带损失率最小,研究结果可为研制再生稻联合收获机提供参考。

The harvest characteristics of the ratoon rice combine harvester developed by the project team are different from ordinary rice combine harvesters.Although only the ears above the rice plant were cut off during the harvest of the first season rice,the feeding amount was increased to 5kg/s by widening the cutting width.Compared with the general rice extract,the first season rice straw has green leaves and high-water content.When only the ear head is harvested,the harvest length is about 30cm,and there are fewer stems at this time,so the ratio of grass to valley entering the threshing separation device after harvesting is about 0.5:1.According to the above characteristics,a longitudinal axial flow threshing separation device was designed.The device is mainly composed of nail tooth threshing drum,grid concave plate screen,adjustable guide angle top cover,etc.This paper takes the rice variety"Y Liangyou 911"as the test object to conduct field performance tests on the threshing and separating device.The results show that when the threshing and separating device adopts a drum speed of 760r/min,the axial distance of the concave grid is 19mm,the guide plate guide angle is 19°,the rate of non-cleaning and entrainment loss is the smallest.The research results can be used to develop regenerated rice Combine harvester provides reference.