谷子枝梗断裂特性与拉伸试验研究

Fracture Characteristics and Tensile test of Millet Branches and Stems

为探究谷子谷码与枝梗连接力特性,并为谷子配套收获装置设计提供理论依据,以龙谷31号谷子为研究对象,将谷穗分为上、中、下3部分,测量各部分谷码与主茎秆连接枝梗直径,可得枝梗直径范围在0.4~1.1 mm之间,由谷穗顶端至底端逐渐增大。利用CTM2050型微机控制电子万能材料试验机进行谷码拉伸试验,测得不同含水率与枝梗直径下谷码与主茎秆连接力,并观察枝梗拉断状态。试验结果表明:随着含水率与谷码枝梗直径的增大,谷码连接力增大。由谷码枝梗直径、含水率与谷码连接力线性回归分析可知:谷码枝梗直径与含水率对谷码连接力均呈线性关系,且回归直线斜率随着枝梗直径与含水率增大而增大。由此说明,谷子含水率越高,谷穗上各部分谷码连接力差异越大,导致脱粒分离难度加大。

The purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of the connecting force between the millet agglomerates and the branches and stems,and to provide a theoretical basis for the design of the grain harvesting equipment.In this paper,the millet of Dragon Valley No.31 was selected as the research object.The panicle was divided into three parts:upper,middle and lower parts.The diameter range of branches and stems measured was between 0.4~1.1 mm,and gradually increased from the top to the bottom of the ear.Using CTM2050 microcomputer controlled electronic universal material testing machine to carry out the tensile test of millet agglomerates,measure the connecting force between millet agglomerates and main stem under different moisture content and branch diameter,and observe the status of branch and stem breaking.The results showed that the water content and the diameter of the branch increased,and the connecting force increased.From the linear regression analysis of the diameter,water content and the connecting force of the grain code branch,it can be concluded that the diameter and the water content of the grain code branch have a linear relationship with the connecting force of the grain code,and the slope of the regression line increases with the increase of the diameter and the water content of the branch.The results showed that the higher the moisture content of millet,the greater the difference of the connecting power of each part of the millet agglomerates on the ear,which made the threshing and separation more difficult.