统收式采棉机清选装置试验研究

Experimental Research on the Cleaning Device of the Collective Cotton Picker

为提高统收式采棉机清选装置的分选性能,针对棉花含杂率较高、损失率较大等问题,设计了一种统收式采棉机清选装置。首先,阐述了该机的整体结构和工作原理;然后,根据理论分析及前期试验确定以喂入量、钉齿滚筒转速转速、栅条间距为试验因素,棉花含杂率与损失率为目标值,利用SPSS数据处理软件对其目标值进行极差和方差分析。结果表明:较优参数组合为喂入量1.80kg/s、钉齿滚筒转速300r/min、栅条间距10mm,影响含杂率和损失率的显著顺序分别为钉齿滚筒转速>栅条间距>喂入量、栅条间距>钉齿滚筒转速>喂入量。试验验证结果表明:棉花含杂率和损失率试验验证平均值分别为5.30%、2.17%,符合农艺要求。试验结果可为统收式采棉机清选装置的设计提供理论依据。

In order to improve the sorting performance of the cleaning device of the collective cotton picker,aiming at the problems of high impurity rate and large losing rate,this paper designs a cleaning device of the collective cotton picker.First,the overall structure and working principle of the machine are explained,and then based on theoretical analysis and preliminary tests,it was determined that the feeding rate,rotating speed of nail drum,article grid spacing were the test factors,and the impurity rate and losing rate were the target values.By using the data processing software SPSS performed range and variance analysis on its target value.The optimal parameter combination was the feeding rate of 1.80 kg/s,the rotating speed of nail drum of 300 r/min,and the grid spacing of 10 mm,which affected the target value.The significant sequence was:the rotating speed of nail drum>the grid spacing>the feeding rate,the grid spacing>the rotating speed of nail drum>the feeding rate,respectively.And the test verification results showed that the average cotton impurity rate and losing rate test verification were 5.30% and 2.17% respectively.The test results provide a theoretical basis for the design of the cleaning device of the cleaning device of the collective cotton picker.