说“豪横”

On “Hao Heng”

双音词“豪横”产生于中古汉语,在近代汉语中发展出三个义位:强暴蛮横;犹豪放,爽朗有力;强暴蛮横的人。后两个义位在清代中期以后很少使用,只有本义“强暴蛮横”保留下来。民国时期“豪横”发展出方言词义“性格刚强,有骨气”,用于北京官话和东北官话中,读音上也与共同语中的不同。近来受到热播电视剧的影响,使用频率较低的“豪横”逐渐成为一个热词,原有的词义也产生了很多新的义位变体。无论“豪横”的词义如何发展,它们都受到核心义“有所依仗而无视规则”的制约而不能随意引申。至于新产生的义位变体能否成为独立的义位,还需要时间来证明。

The disyllabic word“Hao Heng”originated in Middle Ancient Chinese,and developed three sememe in modern Chinese:violent and arrogant;bold and unrestrained,hearty and powerful;the people whose personality is violent and arrogant.The latter two were rarely used after the mid-Qing Dynasty,Only the first one remained.In the Republic of China,“Hao Heng”developed the dialect meaning of“strong character and spine”,which was used in Beijing Mandarin and North-east Mandarin,but differed from the pronunciation of Mandarin.Under the influence of hit TV series,the“haoheng”has gradually become a hot word,and the original meaning of it has also produced many new semantic variants.However,no matter how the semantic evolute,all of them are restricted by the core seme named“haveing something to fall back on and Flouting any rules”,it cannot be extended at will.As for whether the newly generated variants of sememe can become independent sememe,it will take time to be proved.