青海省同仁县野生药用植物资源多样性调查

Investigation on Diversity of Wild Medicinal Plants in Tongren County,Qinghai Province

目的:以第四次全国中药资源普查为重要契机,对青海省同仁县分布的野生药用植物资源多样性进行调查。此次普查为本县药用植物资源的开发利用及保护提供科学依据。方法:以《全国中药资源普查技术规范》为指导,采取实地走访、样线与样地调查相结合的方式对同仁县野生药用植物资源进行调查并进行多样性分析。结果:此次普查走遍了同仁县三镇八乡,涉及到36块普查样地,180个普查样方套。共普查到野生药用植物共4门52科157属292种。其中国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物10种。被子植物门以283种占绝对优势。菊科、毛茛科及豆科物为此地区优势科,物种数量均大于20。委陵菜属、蒿属和马先蒿属所含物种数最多,属内物种均多于7种。按中药功效划分,以清热药为主,药用部位则以全草居多。结论:同仁县野生药用植物资源丰富多样,为本县中藏医药产业的研究与健康发展提供了坚实基础,应予以充分合理利用。

Objective:Taking the Fourth National General Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources as an important opportunity.The investigate of the diversity of wild medicinal plant resources distributed to provide a scientific basis for the development,utilization and protection of the county's medicinal plant resources.Methods:Guided by the"Technical Specifications for the National General Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources",a combination of on-site visits,sample lines and sample plot surveys were used to investigate and analyze the diversity of wild medicinal plant resources in Tongren County.Results:The census covered 36 census plots and 180 census sample sets in eight townships and three towns in Tongren County.A total of 292 species of wild medicinal plants,157 genera and 52 families in 4 phyla were surveyed.Among them,there was 10 species of wild plants under national II-level protection.The angiosperm phylum occupied an absolute predominance with 283 species.Compositae,Ranunculaceae and Leguminosae was the dominant families in this area,and the number of species was more than 20.Potentilla,Artemisia and Pedicularis contain the largest number of species,with more than 7 species in the genus.According to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine,heat-clearing medicine was the main medicine,and the whole herb was the main part for medicinal use.Conclusion:The rich and diverse wild medicinal plant resources in Tongren County provide a solid foundation for the research and healthy development of the county's traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicine industry,which should be fully and rationally utilized.