19世纪越南朝贡体系建构的另一个维度:阮朝如何书写“和亲史”?

Another Dimension of the Construction of Vietnam’s Tributary System in the 19th Century:How did the Nguyen Dynasty Write the“Intermarriage History”?

1802年阮朝建立后,自身强大的国力使其将自身置于中南半岛各国文明的对立面,并谋求建构一套以自身为中心的朝贡体系。本文借助柬埔寨史料考察阮氏玉万同柬王吉·哲塔二世的和亲及玉万在越南历史中的贡献,进而解析阮朝官方对于这段历史记忆的态度和立场。通过对比《钦定越史通鉴纲目》与《大越史记全书》中的相关段落,我们可以揭示阮朝如何重新塑造越南历朝的“和亲史”。阮朝有意将19世纪初期越南在中南半岛的优势地位解释成一种长时段的存在,但由于古代和亲史会削弱这一解释的说服力,因此其在修史时对史事进行了多样的、不同程度的删减和调整。最后,朝贡体系的建构不仅局限在传统的政治与外交这两大维度上,“大南帝国”内部其实也通过重塑历史记忆的方式使这套朝贡体系显得更加合理和系统化。

After the establishment of the Nguyen dynasty in 1802,being a power makes Vietnam place itself on the opposite side of the civilizations of the Indochinese Peninsula,and seeks to construct a self-centered tributary system.This paper investigates the intermarriage between Nguyen Thi Ngoc Van and Cambodian King Chey Chettha II and the role of Ngoc Van in Vietnamese history.This article examines then the official attitude and position of the Nguyen Dynasty towards this episode of Nguyen’s own family.By comparing the relevant paragraphs in KhamĐinh Viet Su Thong Giam Cuong Muc andĐai Viet su ky toan thu,it presents how the Nguyen Dynasty reshaped the history of the intermarriage during the past dynasties.This article indicates that the Nguyen Dynasty deliberately interpreted the dominant position of Vietnam in the early nineteenth century in the Indochinese Peninsula as a long-term existence.However,since the history of intermarriage would weaken the persuasiveness of this interpretation,the court of Nguyen made various deletions and adjustments to historical events during the compilation of the official historiography.Moreover,it revealed that the construction of the tributary system is not only limited to the political et diplomatic dimension.Reshaping historical memory was also an important manner of the EmpireĐai Nam to make his tributary system more reasonable and systematic.