尘肺病影像学诊断的研究进展

Progress in imaging diagnosis of pneumoconiosis

尘肺病是我国危害严重的一类职业病。早期影像学检查是诊断和防治尘肺病的重要措施之一。数字化X线摄影(DR)、计算机断层扫描(CT)在尘肺病筛查诊断中有着重要的地位,近年来兴起的人工智能技术在尘肺病诊断中也有一定应用。本文综述了DR技术参数调试与质量控制、人工智能计算机辅助系统优化以及CT辅助尘肺病诊断等方面的最新进展,总结了3类技术的优点及目前应用中存在的问题,为尘肺病影像学诊断提供研究方向。

Pneumoconiosis is a serious occupational disease in China.Early imaging examination is one of the important measures for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of pneumoconiosis.Digital radiography(DR)and computed tomogra⁃phy(CT)play an important role in the screening and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis,as well as the recent rise of artifi⁃cial intelligence(AI)technology.This paper reviews the latest progress in technical parameter debugging and quality control of DR,optimization of AI computer-aided system and CT-aided diagnosis of pneumoconiosis,summarizes the ad⁃vantages and problems in the application of the three technologies,providing research directions for imaging diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.