国际援潜救生及深海打捞ROV现状与关键技术

Current status and key technologies of Remotely Operated Vehicles in international submarine rescue and deep-sea salvage

随着海洋军事、海上航运、深海科考以及航天器海上发射和回收等活动不断增加,装备故障或复杂的环境因素导致海难事故频频发生,为减小损失、探究事故原因,援潜救生及深海打捞显得尤为重要。遥控潜水器作为深海重要作业装备,在援潜救生及深海打捞活动中发挥重要作用。介绍国际上援潜救生及深海打捞典型遥控潜水器的发展现状,概括其在援潜救生及深海打捞中的典型应用案例,总结援潜救生及深海打捞遥控潜水器关键技术,对其未来的发展提出一些思考。

With the increasing number of activities such as maritime military, maritime shipping, deep-sea scientific research, and spacecraft launch and recovery at sea, maritime accidents are occurring frequently due to equipment failure or complex environmental factors. In order to reduce losses and investigate the causes of accidents, submarine rescue and deepsea salvage are particularly important. As a deep-sea operation type equipment, remotely operated vehicle(ROV) plays a vital role in rescue and deep-sea salvage activities. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of ROV development in international and domestic life-saving systems, and also outlines the typical applications of ROV in life-saving and deep-sea salvage. Finally, this paper summarizes the key technologies of ROV in life-saving and deep-sea salvage missions,and proposes some thoughts on the future development of ROV.