深海中声信号会聚区传播特征仿真研究

Simulation study on propagation characteristics of acoustic signal convergence area in deep sea

会聚区传播是声信号在深海中的基本传播方式之一。本文对声源在不同深度时的会聚区传播特征进行仿真研究,声源深度从20 m变化到1 050 m,研究发现声源深度变化对会聚区特征影响很大,随着声源深度增加,第一会聚区出现的距离、会聚区跨度、会聚区深度范围都逐渐越小;随着声源深度持续增加直至声道轴附近,各会聚区出现的距离及会聚区跨度不断减小,直至无法区分各会聚区,深度方向上,会聚区深度范围不断减小直至集中在声道轴上下一定深度范围内传播,声信号在声道轴附近传播时,声信号损失最小,信号可以传到更远的距离上;第一会聚区附近的海底反射信号很强,可用于信号检测。

Convergence propagation is one of the basic modes of acoustic signal propagation in deep sea.In this paper,the propagation characteristics of the convergent region of the sound source at different depths are simulated, he sound source depth changes from 20 m to 1 050 m, It is found that the change of sound source depth has a great influence on the characteristics of convergence area, As the depth of the sound source increases, The distance, span and depth range of the first convergence region are gradually smaller,As the depth of the source continues to increase until near the axis of the sound channel, The distance and span of each convergence area decrease continuously, Until it was impossible to distinguish between the converging areas, In the direction of depth, the depth range of convergence zone decreases continuously until it is concentrated in a certain depth range above and below the axis of sound channel. When the acoustic signal propagates near the axis of sound channel, the loss of acoustic signal is minimum, and the signal can be transmitted to a longer distance. The seafloor near the first convergence zone is very reflective and can be used for signal detection.