脑靶向纳米递药策略在阿尔茨海默病治疗中的研究进展

Advances in Brain-targeted Nanodelivery Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy

阿尔茨海默病的药物治疗面临病因复杂、血脑屏障两大难题,现有临床药物仅能缓解症状而非阻断病程,且缺乏脑靶向性。近年来,随着对阿尔茨海默病病理机制的深入研究,其治疗方案由对症治疗逐渐转变为疾病修饰疗法。同时,脑靶向纳米载体技术的不断发展,促进了携载药物的脑靶向给药系统递送效率的提高。本研究综述了多种脑靶向纳米递药系统在阿尔茨海默病治疗中的应用,如聚合物纳米载体递药系统、脂质纳米载体递药系统、无机纳米载体递药系统和仿生纳米递药系统,介绍其脑靶向递药策略及治疗机制,为探究阿尔茨海默病的新型治疗方式提供新思路和新方法。

The treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) is limited by two major problems,the complex etiologies and blood brain barrier(BBB).Existing clinical drugs for AD therapy can only relieve symptoms rather than tackle the causes,and they perform poorly in brain targeting.In recent years,with the development and intensive studies on the AD pathology,AD therapeutic strategies have been developed from symptom control into disease-modifying therapy.Meanwhile,the well-developed brain-targeted drug nanodelivery systems have been proven to improve the BBB penetration capability of anti-AD drugs.In this review,we highlight several brain-targeted nanodelivery strategies in AD treatment,including polymeric carrier nanodelivery system,lipid-based carrier nanodelivery system,inorganic carrier nanodelivery system and biomimetic nanodelivery system,by introducing their brain-targeted delivery strategies and therapeutic mechanisms,providing an insight into developing intelligent delivery systems for AD therapy.