抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体检测方法学研究进展

Research Progress on Detection Methodology of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(anti-neutrophilcytoplasmic antibodies,ANCA)是系统性小血管炎(SSV)临床诊断的重要血清学指标。抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关血管炎包括肉芽肿性多血管炎(GPA)、显微镜下多血管炎(MPA)、嗜酸细胞性肉芽肿性多血管炎(EGPA)等。抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体是混合抗体,其靶抗原是中性粒细胞胞浆成份,与血管炎相关靶抗原主要为蛋白酶3(proteinase 3,PR3)和髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)。抗PR3抗体是肉芽肿性多血管炎的特异性指标,而抗MPO抗体多见于显微镜下多血管炎。随着科技的发展,临床检测手段也得到快速发展,故本文针对抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体的检测平台和方法进行综述。

The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA)are an important serological index for the clinical diagnosis of systemic small vasculitis(SSV).Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis includes granulomatous polyangiitis(GPA),microscopic polyangiitis(MPA),and eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis(EGPA),etc.Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are mixed antibodies,and the target antigens are the cytoplasmic components of neutrophil.Proteinase 3(PR3)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)are mainly associated with vasculitis.Anti-PR3 antibody is a specific indicator of granulomatous polyangiitis.Anti-MPO antibodies are more common in microscopic polyangiitis.With the development of science and technology,clinical detection methods have also been rapidly developed.This article reviews the detection platform and methods of antineutrophils cytoplasmic antibodies.