论盛成的沈光文研究及其存在的问题

Sheng Cheng’s Research on Shen Guangwen and Its Problems

20世纪50、60年代,我国学者盛成针对明末清初来台的知名大儒沈光文的生平进行了大量考据,其观点对后世学界产生了相当深远的影响。但盛成的研究实际上也存在着诸多问题,有的是因时代研究条件的限制和外语能力不足而对史料进行了错误的解读,但更多则是在论证考据过程中掺入了过多的主观判断与想象,甚至打着“还原史料”的旗号对史料进行“二次创作”,导致其不少结论难言严谨客观。这可能是由于盛成本人的生平活动与求学经历,使他对以沈光文为代表的明末遗民群体抱持着十分特殊的情感。其对沈光文的研究与其说是在考据历史,不如说是在塑造他心中应有的历史,这点是我们在利用其成果时不可不察的。

Sheng Cheng is a famous writer and thinker in China.In the 1950s and 1960s,he made many achievements in Shen Guangwen’s research and his views had a far-reaching impact on later academic circles.However,there actually exist problems in his research examined from the perspective of modern people.Some are misinterpretations of the historical materials owing to the limitations of research conditions of the times and the lack of foreign language competence,but most of them are his subjective judgments and imaginations in the process of argumentation and textual research,and still others are the“modifications”of historical materials under the banner of“restoring historical materials”,thus contributing to many of his conclusions far from rigorous and objective.All this may arise from Sheng Cheng’s life activities and schooling experience,which illustrates his very special emotion for the group of survivors of the late Ming dynasty represented by Shen Guangwen.His research on Shen Guangwen is not so much textual research on history as shaping the history that he entertains in his heart.This is something that must be paid attention to when his achievements are used.