2甲·溴苯腈和苯磺隆混用对燕麦田阔叶杂草的防效

Efficacy of MCPA·Bromoxynil Combined with Tribenuron-Methyl on Broadleaved Weeds in Avena satiua L.Fields

以燕科一号燕麦品种为试材,采用田间试验方式,选择3块试验地,对试验地的杂草进行调查,选用2甲·溴苯腈和苯磺隆2种除草剂,研究其混用后对燕麦的安全性及对杂草的防除效果。结果表明,武川毛黑沟燕麦试验田杂草主要有藜、卷茎蓼、苣荬菜等,藜是优势种群,密度为38株/m^(2);清水河王桂窑燕麦试验地的杂草种类主要有虎尾草、狗尾草及青蒿等,虎尾草是优势种群,密度为59株/m^(2);和林小林坝燕麦试验地的杂草种类主要有野稷、猪毛菜、狗尾草等,野稷和猪毛菜是优势种群,密度分别为48、62株/m^(2)。2甲·溴苯腈和苯磺隆2种除草剂单用及混用对燕麦均安全,无药害,对燕麦产量和千粒重均无不良影响。各除草剂单用及混用处理对禾本科杂草无效。单独使用时2甲·溴苯腈对阔叶杂草的防效高于苯磺隆的防效;混用时,2甲·溴苯腈剂量选择750、1050 mL/hm^(2)、苯磺隆剂量为3.375~11.250 g/hm^(2)时防效均较高,2甲·溴苯腈和苯磺隆剂量为750 mL/hm^(2)+3.375 g/hm^(2)时,防效高达97.5%。综上所述,燕麦田除草可使用2甲·溴苯腈1350~1500 mL/hm^(2),或2甲·溴苯腈750 mL/hm^(2)+3.375~11.250 g/hm^(2)苯磺隆混用,最佳混用剂量是750 mL/hm^(2)+3.375 g/hm^(2)和750 mL/hm^(2)+5.625 g/hm^(2)。

Taking Yanke No.1 as experimental materials,species and density of weeds were investigated and control effect were tested using herbicides of MCPA·bromoxynil combined with tribenuron-methyl in three experimental oat(Avena satiua L.)fields.Chenopodium album,Polygonum convolvulus and Sonchus brachyotus were main weeds in Maoheigou of Wuchuan County,and C.album was the dominant species with a density of 38 plants/m^(2).In Wangguiyao of Qingshuihe County,Chloris virgata Swartz.,Setaria viridis(L.)P.Beauv.and Artemisia carvifolia were the main weeds;C.virgata was the dominant species with a density of 59 plants/m^(2);Weeds in Xiaolinba of Helin County mainly included Panicum miliaceum L.var.ruderale,Salsola collina Pall.,and Setaria viridis(L.)P.Beauv.,the first two being dominant with densities of 48 plants/m^(2) and 62 plants/m^(2),respectively.The single and combined herbicides of MCPA·bromoxynil and tribenuron-methyl were selective and harmless to oats and did not affect its yield or 1000 grain weight.The single and combined herbicides had no effect on Poaceae weeds.The efficacy of tribenuron-methyl was lower than that of MCPA·bromoxynil.Combining MCPA·bromoxynil at 750,1050 mL/hm^(2) with tribenuronmethyl at 3.375~11.25 g/hm^(2) improved efficacy,reaching 97.5%when the dosage of MCPA·bromoxynil and tribenuron-methyl was 750 mL/hm^(2)+3.375 g/hm^(2).MCPA·bromoxynil at 1350~1500 mL/hm^(2) or 750 mL/hm^(2) of MCPA·bromoxynil combined with 3.375~11.25 g/hm^(2) of tribenuron-methyl could be used for controlling weeds in oat fields.The best combined dosage was 750 mL/hm^(2)+3.375 g/hm^(2),750 mL/hm^(2)+5.625 g/hm^(2).