考虑设备动作损耗的配电网分布式电压无功优化

Distributed optimization for distribution networks volt/var control considering the operation cost of equipment

电压无功控制是保证配电网经济安全运行的重要任务,协调多种调节手段能提高配电网的运行效率。考虑了有载调压变压器、电压调节器、分组投切电容器和分布式电源逆变器等电压无功调控设备,并针对现有电压无功控制模型存在的无谓动作和求解效率低等问题,提出了一种考虑设备动作损耗的配电网分布式电压无功优化策略。首先,基于支路潮流方程建立了配电网电压无功控制模型,并松弛为混合整数二阶锥规划。同时考虑到设备的动作损耗,提出了基于模型预测控制的滚动优化模式。进一步基于交替方向乘子法实现配电网多区域分布式协同优化。最后,基于改进的IEEE33节点测试系统进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:所提控制策略能够避免设备的无谓动作,并解决了“维数灾”问题,提高了配电网的电压无功控制效率。

The volt/var control is an important task undertaken to ensure the economic and safe operation of a distribution network.In order to improve voltage quality,voltage and reactive power control devices are considered,such as on load tap changer,voltage regulators,capacitor banks and distributed generation inverters.Distributed optimization is proposed to solve the‘meaningless action’and low efficiency problems in existing models.First,the voltage and reactive power optimization model of the distribution network is established based on the branch power flow equation,which is relaxed to the mixed integer second-order cone programming.Meanwhile,considering the action cost of the devices,a rolling optimization mode based on model predictive control is proposed.The distribution network is divided into groups and distributed optimization is realized based on an alternating direction multiplier method.Finally,a simulation is carried out based on the improved IEEE 33-bus test system.The simulation results show that unnecessary action of the equipment is avoided under the model predictive control strategy.At the same time,the proposed collaborative optimization strategy solves the"dimension disaster"problem and improves the efficiency of voltage and reactive power control in the distribution network.