广东某高职院校大学生膳食营养知识KAP调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and Factors Analysis of Dietary Nutrition KAP of Higher Vocational College Students in Guangdong

目的:调查在校大学生营养知识、态度及膳食行为并进行影响因素分析,为促进大学生营养与健康提供参考依据。方法:采用自行设计的问卷对在校大学生进行基本情况、膳食营养知识、态度、行为调查。结果:在校大学生的营养知识及态度普遍较好,但膳食行为有待提高。大学女生营养知识得分高,但男生营养态度和行为得分高(p <0.05);受过营养教育的学生营养知识掌握情况更好(p <0.05);超重或肥胖学生的膳食营养行为较差(p <0.05);不同年级及生活消费水平学生在营养知识、行为、态度方面没有显著差异。结论:在校大学生的膳食营养知识、态度、行为受性别、营养教育情况、BMI等多方面因素的影响,应通过加强健康教育、引导合理膳食以及提供科学合理配餐,提高在校大学生的营养健康水平。

Objective: The dietary nutrition knowledge, attitude, and behavior of college students were investigated and related factors were analyzed to provide a reference for promoting the college students’ healthy development. Methods: The basic information and nutrition knowledge, attitude, behaviors of students were collected using a self-designed questionnaire. Results:College students had a relatively good understanding of nutrition knowledge and a positive attitude about it, but their dietary behavior needs improvement. Female students scored high in nutritional knowledge, and male students scored high in nutritional attitude and behavior(p < 0.05);College students with nutritional education had better mastery of nutrition(p < 0.05);Whereas college students who were overweight or obese had unreasonable nutritional behavior(p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in nutritional knowledge, attitude, and behavior among college students with different grades and consumption living standards. Conclusion: Nutritional knowledge, attitude, and behavior of college students were affected by gender, nutritional education, BMI, and other factors. Therefore, to improve the level of nutritional health in college students, it is vital to enhance health education, provide guidance for rational diet and provide scientific and reasonable meals.