负荷、设备对人工破拆作业肌肉疲劳的影响研究

Affects of Load and Equipment Size on the Development of Muscle Fatigue for Manual Demolishing Task

目的为了解负荷及设备对人工破拆作业肌肉疲劳发展的影响,避免肌肉疲劳累积,降低工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤(WMSDs)风险。方法设计并组织人工破拆作业试验,招募10名大学男生进行试验,测量20N及40N负荷下分别使用大号和小号设备下人工破拆作业的最大耐受时间(MET)、主观肌肉疲劳评分(RPE)、主观痛感(RPA)以及右肱二头肌、右肱三头肌、右三角肌前束、左肱二头肌、左肱三头肌、左三角肌前束以及右股四头肌内侧7个肌群的活动特征,然后运用统计学方法分析负荷及设备对作业过程肌肉疲劳的影响以及各肌群肌肉活动特征。结果人工破拆作业中左右三角肌前束肌肉疲劳明显,40N负荷下左右肱二头肌肌肉疲劳明显;20N负荷使用大号设备最不易产生肌肉疲劳累积。结论负荷显著影响人工破拆壁面作业肌肉疲劳,但设备影响不显著。

Objective In order to explore the effects of load and equipment on the development of muscle fatigue for manual demolishing task and to reduce the accumulation of muscular fatigue and the risk of getting work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs),a manual demolishing was designed and arranged.Methods A total of 10 college male students were recruited to participate in the experiment.Maximum endurance time(MET),ratings of perceived exertion(RPE)and ratings of perceived ache(RPA),as well as the muscle activity of right biceps brachii,right triceps brachii,right anterior deltoid bundle,left biceps brachii,left triceps brachii,left anterior deltoid bundle and medial side of right quadriceps femoris were measured under the demolishing load of 20 and 40N and the equipment size of big and small.Then,statistical method was used to explore the influence of demolishing load and equipment size and the activity of the above 7 muscles.Results The most fatigued muscle during the task were left and right anterior deltoid bundle and the left and right biceps brachii also fatigued with the load of 40N.It was also found the muscle less fatigued with the load of 20N when use the big equipment.Conclusion Results showed that demolishing load significantly affected the development of muscle fatigue for manual demolishing task,but equipment size didn't.