术中放疗在胰腺癌治疗中的研究进展

Application of intraoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

尽管外科手术、化学疗法和放射疗法取得了一定进展,但胰腺癌总体疗效不佳,仍然是最致命的恶性肿瘤之一。由于胰腺周围正常组织的放射耐受性较低,因此限制了常规外照射放疗可施用于肿瘤的放射剂量。术中放射治疗通过手术暴露肿瘤和瘤床,实现高精度放射治疗,使肿瘤获得最大的照射剂量,同时减少正常组织损伤。近年来,术中放疗越来越多的应用于胰腺癌的综合治疗,改善肿瘤局部控制并延长患者生存。文章主要就胰腺癌术中放疗的理论基础与近年来国内外的研究进展及其对未来应用的展望进行综述。

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest malignant tumors with poor overall efficacy,though surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy have made some progresses.Low radiation tolerance of normal tissues around the pancreas limits the radiation doses applied to tumors in conventional external irradiation radiotherapy.Intraoperative radiotherapy delivers high precision radiation therapy by exposing the tumor and tumor bed surgically,maximizing the radiation dose while minimizing tissue damage.In recent years,intraoperative radiotherapy has been increasingly used in the comprehensive treatment of pancreatic cancer to improve local tumor control and prolong survival of patients.This article reviews the theoretical basis of intraoperative radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer,its latest research progress at home and abroad,and prospects for its future applications.