新疆哈密七角井遗址2019年调查新发现

New discoveries from the Qijiaojing site of Hami,Xijiang in 2019

七角井是新疆地区最早发现的细石器遗址,位于新疆维吾尔自治区哈密地区西北部、天山南麓东段的一处山间小盆地内。2019年调查首次在该遗址发现原生地层和一处保存较完整的活动面遗迹,遗址出土石制品847件,年代为1.1万年。分析显示,该遗址石制品以优质燧石为原料生产小石叶和细石叶,多为生产过程中的副产品;工具加工简单,体现出明显的权宜性特征;这些迹象表明遗址为一处打制石器的临时性活动场所。这一发现为探讨更新世末到全新世初中亚干旱区古人类适应方式与文化交流提供了重要材料。

Qijiaojing is the earliest discovered microblade site in Xinjiang,which is located in the northwestern part of Hami,at an intermountain basin south to the piedmont of eastern Tianshan.The survey in 2019 recovered an in situ locality with well-preserved living surface and 847 lithic artefacts,which were dated to about 11 ka by OSL.Lithic analysis suggested that bladelets and microblades were made with fine-grained flint,and the assemblage was mostly composed of by-products and debris,while tools were only slightly retouched,indicating that the locality was a short-term lithic workshop.This discovery provided important materials on the adaptation strategy of Arid Asia and cultural exchange between the east and the west during terminal Pleistocene and initial Holocene.