基于资本—技能互补与技术—技能偏向的高技能劳动者培养研究

Research on the Cultivation of High-skilled Labors Based on Capital-Skills Complementary and Technology-Skills Bias

将制造业上市公司样本数据分为高劳动生产率组和低劳动生产率组两个对照组,采用多元线性回归法,对资本、技术、高技能劳动者等生产要素与企业发展间关系进行实证研究。结果表明:劳动生产率低的组中,资本与企业发展有显著相关性,资本—技能互补效应明显,企业更愿意用资本替代高技能劳动者;劳动生产率高的组中,技术、高技能劳动者与企业发展有显著相关性,技术对高技能具有偏向性,企业倾向于选择高技能劳动者。为此,企业应主动参与高技能劳动者的培养;职业教育机构需精准定位高技能劳动者的市场需求,优化专业设置;政府要加强高技能劳动者的培养和有效配置。

Dividing the sample data of listed manufacturing companies into two control groups and using the multiple linear regression method to conduct empirical research on the relationship between capital,technology,high-skilled labor,and other production factors and enterprise development.The results show that in the group with low labor productivity,capital has a significant correlation with enterprise development,and the complementary effect of capital and skills is obvious,and enterprises are more willing to substitute capital for highskilled workers;in the group with high labor productivity,high-skilled labors have a significant correlation with the development of enterprises.Technology is biased towards high skills,and enterprises tend to choose highly-skilled labors.To this end,enterprises should take the initiative to participate in the training of high-skilled labors;vocational education institutions need to accurately locate the market needs of high-skilled labors and optimize specialty settings;the government should strengthen the training and effective allocation of highskilled labors.