论海明威《老人与海》中的悲剧式英雄主义

On the Tragic Heroism in Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea

海明威是美国文学史上最伟大的作家之一,他的作品重点描写人物的思想和经历,其作品具有非凡的悲剧英雄主义特征。《老人与海》表面是叙述一个老渔夫出海打鱼的故事,但在行文架构及象征隐喻之间,却暗示出作者对抗命运的态度,体现出海明威的价值观和世界观。通过“命运抗争”“象征元素”“硬汉人物”及“悲剧探源”等角度,分析《老人与海》中的悲剧式英雄主义,以此探析海明威所独有的思想理念。

Hemingway is one of the greatest writers in the history of American literature.His works focus on the thoughts and experiences of characters,and his works have extraordinary characteristics of tragic heroism.The Old Man and the Sea ostensibly tells the story about an old fisherman going out to fish in the sea,but it implies the author's attitude against fate and reflects Hemingway's values and world view between the structure and symbolic metaphors.This paper analyzes the tragic heroism in The Old Man and the Sea in order to explore Hemingway's unique ideology from the perspectives of“fate resistance”,“symbol elements”,“tough guys”and“tragic origins”.