中医药干预食管癌免疫逃逸的作用机制

Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Intervention on Immune Escape of Esophageal Carcinoma

中医药在改善机体免疫状态方面优势显著,是治疗和辅助治疗食管癌的有效措施。中医药可通过促进相关免疫抑制因子及代谢酶的表达,调节免疫细胞及免疫因子,传递抗原信号、促进抗原识别,调节协同抑制/刺激分子等机制干预食管癌免疫逃逸。中医药干预食管癌免疫逃逸作用机制复杂,多数研究仍面临着较大的挑战,如研究质量参差不齐,对潜在机制认识不足,实验研究证据性不足;多数基础研究集中于单体和某种活性成分方面,缺乏对复方的研究;未明确发挥作用的具体中药成分;现有作用机制研究缺少全面、系统的评判标准;有待加强大样本、多中心、随机对照和疗效比较的临床研究等。故今后应以中医理论为指导,重视组方研究,建立行之有效的实验标准和评估标准,规范临床试验设计与实施方法,提高临床研究的真实性和可靠性,依托现代医学研究手段阐明中医药干预食管癌免疫逃逸的具体作用机制并明确其作用成分,充分发挥中医药优势。

Chinese medicine has significant advantages in improving the immune state of the body.It is an effective measure for the treatment and adjuvant treatment of esophageal carcinoma.Chinese medicine can intervene the immune escape of esophageal carcinoma by promoting the expression of relevant immunosuppressive factors and metabolic enzymes, regulating immune cells and immune factors, transmitting antigen signals, promoting antigen recognition, regulating synergistic inhibitory or stimulating molecules and other mechanisms.The mechanism of Chinese medicine intervention on immune escape of esophageal carcinoma is complex, and most studies still face great challenges, such as uneven research quality, insufficient understanding of the potential mechanism and insufficient evidence of experimental research;most basic studies focus on monomers and some active ingredients, and lack of research on compound compounds;the specific components of Chinese medicine that do not play a role are not clearly defined;the existing research on the mechanism of action lacks comprehensive and systematic evaluation criteria;it is necessary to strengthen the clinical research of large sample, multi center, randomized control and curative effect comparison.Therefore, in the future, we should take the theory of Chinese medicine as the guidance, pay attention to the study of prescription, establish effective experimental standards and evaluation standards, standardize the design and implementation methods of clinical experiments, improve the authenticity and reliability of clinical research, clarify the specific mechanism of Chinese medicine intervention in immune escape of esophageal carcinoma by relying on modern medical research means, clarify its functional components, and give full play to the advantages of Chinese medicine.