中国早期都邑规划中的“位”

“WEI” IN THE CITY PLANNING OF EARLY CHINA

“位”是中国早期都邑规划中的一个重要概念,在相关文献中多有涉及,研究“位”的内涵及其演化,对于认知中国早期都邑及其规划具有重要意义。本文选取《尚书》《周礼》《西都赋》中具有代表性的三段关于“位”的论述,挖掘“位”的不同含义,剖析西周、战国和西汉时期都邑及其规划的不同特征。基于此,通过概念的比较,发现这一时期都邑及其规划的共性,即都邑是政治核心和政权表征,规划是一种政治治理手段;与此同时,不同文本中的都邑及其规划又有鲜明的时代印记,是一个时代政权组织形式的直接产物。

“Wei”is an important concept in the planning of the early Chinese cities,which has been involved in a lot of related literature.The research on the connotation and evolution of“Wei”is of great significance to the study of the early Chinese cities and their planning.Three representative expositions about“Wei”in the Book of Documents,the Rites of Zhou,and the Rhapsody of Western Capital are selected in this paper.The different characteristics of the city and its planning in the Western Zhou Dynasty,the Warring States period,and the Western Han Dynasty are analyzed by exploring the different meanings of“Wei”.On this basis,through the comparison of the concepts,it is found that the cities and their plans in this period have distinct commonalities,that is,the city is the political core and the representation of political power,and the planning is a means of political governance.At the same time,the capital and its planning in different texts have distinct marks of time,which are the direct products of the form of political power organization in that era.