基于小环境舱测试的实际车内VOC浓度预测

Prediction of In-Vehicle VOC Concentrations Based on Small-Scale Chamber Test

乘用车内饰释放的挥发性有机物(VOC)严重影响车内空气质量.车内材料中VOC的释放特性主要由3个释放关键参数表征:初始浓度C0,扩散系数Dm和分配系数K.文中应用直流舱C-history法测定了几种典型乘用车内饰中6种VOC的释放关键参数,并研究了温度的影响.此外,建立了预测实际车内多源材料同时释放VOC时浓度变化的多源释放模型,并模拟实际车内环境建立了3 m3试验系统进行验证实验.实验结果与模型预测结果吻合较好,说明通过小环境舱测定的释放关键参数能够用于预测实际车内多种内饰共存时污染物的释放情况.

Volatile organic compounds(VOC) emitted from vehicle interior decorations seriously affect the incabin air quality. The emission characteristics of VOC from vehicle materials are mainly characterized by three key emission parameters: the initial emittable concentration C0, the diffusion coefficient Dm and the partition coefficient K. In this paper, a ventilated-chamber C-history method was used to determine three key parameters of six target VOC emitted from several typical vehicle interior decorations, and investigate the influence of temperature on them. To predict the concentration of VOC emitted from multi-source materials coexisted in the vehicle cabin, a multi-source model was established, and to simulate the real vehicle environment, a 3 m3 experimental system was established for verification experiments. The good agreement between the simulations and experiments demonstrates that the key emission parameters determined via small-scale chamber tests can be used to assess emission scenarios for real vehicle cabin environments.