医用多孔钛制备研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation of Medical Porous Titanium

多孔钛有着良好的生物相容性、耐磨性和耐蚀性,其特有的孔隙结构不仅有利于成骨细胞的增殖和分化,还便于将其力学性能调整至与被替换的人体组织相匹配,现已成为重要的人体硬组织替代材料,得到越来越广泛的关注。为此,总结了国内外关于医用多孔钛制备的最新研究成果,介绍了近年来5种新兴的多孔钛制备方法——放电等离子烧结法、带有空间支架的粉末冶金法、选择性激光熔化法、电子束熔融法和激光金属沉积法,讨论了不同制备方法对材料表面性能和力学性能的影响,并对多孔钛用作生物植入物产品的发展方向进行了展望。

Porous titanium has excellent biocompatibility,abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance.Its unique porous structure not only provides an ideal environment for the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,but also helps make its mechanical properties compatible with human bones.As a result,porous titanium has become an important metallic biomaterial for orthopedic implants and received increasingly widespread attention.Five latest manufacturing technologies for porous titanium in recent years were introduced,including spark plasma sintering,powder metallurgy with space holder,selective laser melting,electron beam melting and laser metal deposition.The effect of manufacturing processes on the surface and mechanical properties of implants were discussed,and the development direction of porous titanium used as biological implants was prospected.