绒毛外滋养细胞侵袭异常与相关妊娠早期疾病的研究进展

Research Progress of Abnormal Extravillous Trophoblasts Invasion and Related Early Pregnancy Diseases

在人类妊娠中,早期胎盘的形成和发育通过绒毛外滋养细胞(EVTs)对蜕膜和母体子宫肌层的侵袭实现。EVTs对母体子宫的侵袭是非特异性的,不仅可侵入母体子宫的结缔组织重塑子宫螺旋动脉,还可侵入母体子宫内的其他结构,包括子宫壁内的腺体、静脉和淋巴管等。EVTs对母体子宫侵袭不足与一系列妊娠早期并发症的发生均密切相关,但具体机制目前尚未明确。因此,充分了解EVTs的侵袭功能和途径可以为理解正常胎盘发育过程中EVTs的侵袭提供理论基础,也可为因EVTs侵袭异常导致的相关妊娠疾病(如复发性流产、先兆子痫和输卵管妊娠)研究提供新思路。

In human pregnancy,the early formation and development of the placenta are realized by the invasion of extravillous trophoblasts(EVTs)on the decidua and the maternal myometrium.EVTs invades the maternal uterus nonspecifically,not only invading the connective tissue of the maternal uterus to reshape the uterine spiral artery,but also invading other structures in the maternal uterus,including glands,veins and lymphatics in the uterine wall.Insufficient invasion of EVTs in the maternal uterus is closely associated with a series of early pregnancy complications,but the specific mechanism has not been clarified.Therefore,thorough understanding of the invasion function and invasion pathway of EVTs provides a theoretical basis for understanding the invasion of EVTs during normal placental development,and it also provides new research ideas for the study of pregnancy diseases related abnormal invasion of EVTs,such as recurrent spontaneous abortion,preeclampsia and tubal pregnancy.