枣树修剪枝条弯曲及压缩特性研究

Study on Bending and Compression Characteristics of Pruning Branches of Jujube

为解决密植枣园枝条粉碎还田机粉碎装置设计和枣树修剪枝条数值化建模缺乏部分关键力学参数和理论基础的问题,以十四师224团枣树修剪枝条为研究对象,采用8801型万能试验机进行了弯曲和压缩试验。设计了三因素五水平正交试验,研究了标距跨度、加载速度、取样部位对枣树修剪枝条弯曲性能的影响;设计了单因素试验,研究了压缩速度、压缩方向、有无枣股对压缩特性的影响。试验表明:枣树修剪枝条所能承受的最大压缩力大于最大弯曲力;各因素对枣树修剪枝条最大弯曲力影响主次顺序为取样部位、标距跨度、加载速度;枣树修剪枝条横向压缩力为2.18kN,纵向最大压缩力为6.15kN,横向压缩所需要的力小于纵向压缩;有枣股部位纵向压缩6.29kN,无枣股部位纵向压缩6.47kN,有枣股部位纵向压缩所需要力略小于无枣股部位纵向压缩所需要的力;压缩速度越大最大压缩力越小。该研究可为新疆枣园枝条粉碎、收集等机具的设计及优化提供参考。

To solve dense planting jujube branches crushing machine crushing device design, the jujube tree pruning branches numerical modeling, the lack of some key parameters and theoretical basis, based on the 14 division 224 regiment jujube tree pruning branches as the research object, the type 8801 universal testing machine is used for bending and compression test, the design of the three factors five levels orthogonal test, studied the span, load, speed, sampling position effect the performance of the jujube tree pruning branches bent;a single factor experiment was designed to study the effects of compression velocity, compression direction and the presence or absence of jujube strand on compression characteristics. The results showed that the maximum compression force was greater than the maximum bending force. The primary and secondary effects of each factor on the maximum bending force of pruning branches of jujube tree were sampling position, scale span and compression speed. The lateral compression force of pruning branches of jujube tree was 2.18 kN, and the maximum longitudinal compression force was 6.15 kN. The force required for lateral compression was less than that for longitudinal compression. The longitudinal compression of the part with jujube stock was 6.29 kN, and the longitudinal compression of the part without jujube stock was 6.47 kN. The force required for the longitudinal compression of the part with jujube stock was slightly less than that required for the longitudinal compression of the part without jujube stock. The larger the compression speed, the smaller the maximum compression force. This study can provide reference for the design and optimization of jujube orchard branches crushing and collecting in Xinjiang.