不同施肥处理对潍县青萝卜产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on the Yield and Quality of Weixian Green Radis(Raphanus sativus L.)

为了促进潍县青萝卜的优质高产,本研究采用盆栽试验探讨了不施肥、施化肥、施化肥+有机肥、施有机肥4个处理对潍县青萝卜产量、品质和抗逆性的影响。结果表明:施肥能显著增加萝卜叶重、根重、总生物量、萝卜长度、直径、蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量,同时降低了萝卜的经济系数、粗纤维含量、维生素C含量、蔗糖含量和丙二醛含量。其中根重、总生物量、萝卜长度、直径、蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量均以施有机肥增加幅度最大,而萝卜粗纤维含量、维生素C含量、蔗糖含量、有机酸含量和丙二醛含量以施有机肥降低幅度最大。施化肥或有机肥均较对照提高了萝卜的长径比,化肥与有机肥配施则降低了萝卜的长径比。合理施肥能提高萝卜产量和品质,其中以施有机肥最优,生产中可以施用有机肥代替化肥,不仅能提高萝卜产量,改善萝卜的营养和风味品质,还能提高萝卜的抗逆性。

In order to promote high quality and high yield of Weixian green radish,a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of four treatments:no fertilizer,chemical fertilizer,chemical fertilizer+organic fertilizer,and organic fertilizer on the yield,quality and stress resistance of Weixian green radish.The results showed that fertilization significantly increased the leaf weight,root weight,total biomass,radish length,diameter,protein content and soluble sugar content,and decreased the economic coefficient,crude fiber content,vitamin C content,sucrose content and malondialdehyde content of radish.The root weight,total biomass,radish length,diameter,protein content and soluble sugar content increased the most by organic fertilizer application,while the crude fiber content,vitamin C content,sucrose content,organic acid content and malondialdehyde content decreased the most by organic fertilizer application.The application of chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer increased the length diameter ratio of radish compared with the control,and the combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer decreased the length diameter ratio of radish.Rational fertilization can improve the yield and quality of radish,and organic fertilizer application perform best.Organic fertilizer can be applied instead of chemical fertilizer in production,which can not only improve the yield of radish,improve the nutrition and flavor quality of radish,but also improve the stress resistance of radish.