与视器相关的无创颅内压监测

Visual organs related noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring

重型颅脑损伤后颅内压(ICP)增高发生率高,其监测对于临床有效治疗和预后判断具有重要的意义。临床上ICP的监测方法可分为有创和无创两类,虽然目前以有创ICP监测为主,但无创ICP监测一直是科学家们探索和追求的目标。本文主要针对4种与视器相关的无创ICP监测方法如视神经鞘直径、眼内压、闪光视觉诱发电位和光学相干断层成像的研究进展作一综述,比较不同无创ICP监测方法的原理、应用现状和优劣势,为拓展无创ICP监测新方法、优化神经重症患者的早期诊断和治疗提供思路。

The incidence of increased intracranial pressure(ICP)after severe head injury is high,and its monitoring is of great significance for effective clinical treatment and prognosis judgment.Clinical monitoring methods of ICP can be divided into two categories:invasive and non-invasive.Although invasive ICP monitoring is currently the main method,non-invasive ICP monitoring has always been the goal of scientists to explore and pursue.This article mainly expounds four visual organs related ICP noninvasive monitoring methods including the optic nerve sheath diameter,intraocular pressure,flash visual evoked potentials,optical coherence tomography and their research progress,and compares the principles,application statuses,advantages and limitations of different noninvasive ICP monitoring methods in order to provide new idea for the development of a new method for noninvasive ICP monitoring,and for the optimization of the early diagnosis and treatment of severe head injured patients.