多途径健康宣教在社区儿童免疫规划接种中的应用效果

Application effects of multi-path health education in community children’s immunization program

目的:观察多途径健康宣教在社区儿童免疫规划接种中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2015年该市接受免疫规划的100名儿童的临床资料,将2015年1—6月50名儿童设为对照组,7—12月50名儿童设为观察组。对照组实施常规健康宣教,观察组实施多途径健康宣教,比较两组第二年接种覆盖率、健康宣教满意度、宣教前后免疫规范知晓评分和接种积极率。结果:观察组第二年接种覆盖率为100.00%(50/50),高于对照组的86.00%(43/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组家长健康宣教满意度为98.00%(49/50),高于对照组的82.00%(41/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);宣教后,观察组家长疫苗接种意识、接种行为、基本常识和注意事项等免疫规范知晓评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组家长接种积极率为100.00%(50/50),高于对照组的84.00%(42/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多途径健康宣教应用于社区儿童免疫规划接种可提高第二年接种覆盖率、健康宣教满意度、免疫规范知晓评分和家长接种积极率,效果优于常规健康宣教。

Objective:To observe application effects of multi-path health education in community children’s immunization program.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 100 children in the city who underwent immunization regulations in 2015 was performed.50 children from January to June 2015 were set as control group,while 50 children from July to December were selected as observation group.The control group implemented routine health education,while the observation group was given the multi-path health education.The second-year vaccination coverage rate,the health education satisfaction,the immunization awareness scores before and after the education and the vaccination active rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The second-year vaccination coverage rate of the observation group was 100.00%(50/50),which was higher than the control group of 86.00%(43/50),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The health education satisfaction degree of the observation group was 98.00%(49/50),which was higher than 82.00%(41/50)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the education,the immunization awareness scores such as vaccination awareness,vaccination behavior,basic knowledge and precautions of the observation group were all higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the parental vaccination active rate of the observation group was 100.00%(50/50),which was higher than the control group of 84.00%(42/50),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The multi-path health education applied to the community children’s immunization program can improve the second-year vaccination coverage,the health education satisfaction,the immunization awareness score and the vaccination positive rate.Moreover,it is superior to the routine health education.