助剂激健在防治棉花黄萎病中的效果

Application Study on the Adjuvant Jijian as Synergist for Cotton Verticillium Disease Control

【目的】优化生产上常用的杀菌剂、诱抗剂和助剂的组方,综合评估助剂激健对大丽轮枝菌V991防治显著增效的杀菌剂及施用方法,为棉花黄萎病防治中化学农药的减施增效提供技术支持。【方法】用药/激健,生药/激健组合对V991菌丝进行菌丝生长速率实验,筛选出激健对V991菌丝显著增效的杀菌剂,通过盆栽黄萎病防治实验,分析诱抗剂、药/激健的施用措施和方法。【结果】激健可作为增效剂,可增加多菌灵、乙蒜素对V991菌丝生长的抑菌率,添加激健后,50 mg/kg多菌灵与5 mg/kg乙蒜素的菌丝生长抑菌率也分别由19.68%提高至35.49%和14.83%提高至26.29%,并且添加激健后,多菌灵与乙蒜素的EC_(50)也分别由1.707 mg/kg降低至0.104 mg/kg和1.249 mg/kg降低至0.824 mg/kg,其药剂施用量也相应地降低了16.41和1.52倍,接菌前或接菌后施用诱抗剂,配合多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健组合顺序施药的方式防治效果最好,其28 d后的防治效果仍可高达69.27%和62.70%。【结论】激健可作为棉花黄萎病防治中的多菌灵、乙蒜素的增效剂,明显降低对大丽轮枝菌菌丝抑制的药剂施用量,盆栽黄萎病防病时,无论在接菌前或接菌后施用氨基寡糖素,并采用多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健顺序施药组合均对棉花黄萎病防治效果最佳。

【Objective】 To provide technical support for the reduction and efficiency of chemical pesticides for cotton Verticillium disease control by comprehensively evaluating the fungicides and application methods of Jijian against Verticillium dahliae V991 using optimizing the composition of fungicides,elicitors and auxiliaries commonly used in production.【Methods】In order to screen the fungicide with significantly synergistic control effect on V991 mycelia,the mycelial growth rate experiment was carried out by the combination of the combination of carbendazim/Jijian,ethylicin/Jijian and Bacillus subtilis/Jijian.Through the potted Verticillium wilt control experiment,the application measures and methods of inducer,pesticide/Jijian were determined.【Results】 Jijian could be used as synergistic agent to increase the bacteriostatic rate of carbendazim and etallicin for controlling V991 mycelia growth.Adding Jijian,the inhibition rate of 50 mg/kg carbendazim increased from 19.68% to 35.49%,and 14.83% to 26.29% respectively,and EC_(50) of carbendazim and ethylicin also decreased to 0.104 mg/kg from 1.707 mg/kg,and 0.824 mg/kg from 1.249 mg/kg separately,and the pesticide dosage also decreased 16.41 times and 1.52 times accordingly.The study on potted cotton Vercillium wilt showed that the best control effect was determined by spraying amino-oligosaccharide before or after inoculating pathogen sequentially equipped with the combination of carbendazim/Jijian-ethylicin/Jijian,and the control efficacy was still as high as 69.27% and 62.70% 28 days later.【Conclusion】 Jijian can be used as synergistic agent of carbendazim and ethylicin for the cotton Verticillium disease control which dramatically reduces the pesticides dosages,and the combination of carbendazim/Jijian-ethylicin/Jijian employed in turn had the best control effect on potted cotton Verticillium wilt with spraying amino-oligosaccharides inducer 24 h before or after inoculating pathogen.