青年流动人才的城市选择及影响机制——基于人才特征视角

Study on the Mechanism of City Selection of Young Migrant Talents:Based on the Perspective of Talent Characteristics

文章利用2017年流动人口动态监测数据,构建多值Logit模型,从个体特征、流动特征、经济特征三个维度,探究青年流动人才选择流入Ⅱ型大城市、Ⅰ型大城市、特大超大城市影响因素差异。回归结果显示,女性、非农户籍青年流动人才大城市偏好明显,小家庭模式增加特大超大城市选择概率;流动年限越长、流动距离越远,流入城市规模越大,基于经济原因流动,特大超大城市选择概率下降;雇员倾向规模更大城市,雇主倾向规模更小城市,职业、单位正规性越好,社会声望越高,越倾向特大超大城市,就业收入、居住支出随城市规模扩大,影响由负转正。为提高城市人才引进效率,规范城市人才引进秩序,建议应加快户籍制度改革,扩大社会资源覆盖范围;减少公共服务使用限制,保障随迁人员福利;充分发挥城市比较优势,打造核心竞争力多维体系;突出城市行业特色,完善城市行业结构。

This paper using China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2017,building mlogit model,studies the influence fac⁃tors of selecting different type cities from individual individual characteristic,flow characteristic and economic charac⁃teristic.The research findings are as follows.Female young talents and non-agricultural young talents prefer larger cit⁃ies.Small family increases larger city selection probability.The longer the years of migration and the farther the dis⁃tance of migration,the larger the size of the inflow cities.Based on the flow of economic reasons,the probability of choosing megalopolis decreases.Employees tend to prefer larger cities and employers tend to prefer smaller cities.Tal⁃ents with high social prestige profession tend to prefer megalopolis.High income and high housing expenditure increas⁃es larger city selection probability.In order to improve the efficiency of city attraction and standardize the order of city attraction,this paper suggests the government should accelerate the reform of the household registration system,expand the coverage of social resources,and reduce public service usage restrictions,ensure the welfare of those who move with the talents.Cities should give full play to the comparative advantages,build a multi-dimensional system of core compet⁃itiveness,and highlight the characteristics of urban industries,improve the structure of urban industries.