“一带一路”倡议下我国固体废物资源化技术转移的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and challenges of solid waste recycling technology transfer from China under “The Belt and Road” initiative

在分析"一带一路"沿线国家重点区域固体废物产生情况与处置现状的基础上,结合我国与沿线重点国家之间关于固废处置领域的双边协议、项目合作与技术需求,采用SWOT分析法,从产业、技术、市场对接渠道、人才供给、国际建交原则、宏观政策、国际市场成熟度及海外劳务风险等方面探讨了"一带一路"倡议下我国固体废物资源化技术转移的优势、劣势、机遇与挑战。基于以上分析,本研究指出,未来我国应以提高环境领域技术转移平台的资源整合能力为出发点,借助技术经纪服务行业的技术、法律与经营策略的服务功能,完善技术转移运行机制和海外劳务风险防控机制;以龙头企业为主导,集合中小型企业的多方优势形成技术、设备、资源、资金互补的产业技术联盟,从经济科技发展水平、产业结构、城市化进程、人口规模、环境质量标准等角度评估"一带一路"沿线国家在固废资源化方面的实际技术需求与技术消化能力,带动我国固体废物领域的中坚力量走向"一带一路"国际市场。

Based on the analysis of the production and disposal status of solid waste in key regions of countries along "The Belt and Road",the bilateral agreements, project cooperation and technical requirements on solid waste disposal between China and key countries along "The Belt and Road" were discussed.The advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of Chinese solid waste recycling technology transfer under "The Belt and the Road" initiative were discussed from the aspects of industry, technology, market connection channels, talent supply, principles of international diplomatic relations, macro policies, maturity of international market and overseas labor risks through SWOT analysis.Based on the above analysis, this study points out that in the future, China should improve the technology transfer operation mechanism and overseas labor risk prevention and control mechanism by improving the resource integration ability of the technology transfer platform in the environmental field, and by virtue of the technology, law and business strategy service functions of the technology brokerage service industry, built a complementary technology, equipment, resources, capital of industry technology alliance by leading enterprises with integrating the many advantages of small and medium enterprises, assess the solid waste recycling practical technical requirements and technical digestion ability along "The Belt and Road" countries from the economic development level of science and technology, industrial structure and urbanization and population scale, the environmental quality standards, and drive the backbone of China’s solid waste field to "The Belt and Road" international market.