短钝外形飞行器自由振动动导数试验技术

Free oscillation dynamic derivative test technology of a short-blunt shape vehicle

为研究短钝外形飞行器的动稳定特性,基于自由振动动导数试验方法在1.2 m量级亚跨超声速风洞中建立了动导数测量试验技术。通过新设计的弹性铰链和轴承铰链解决了短钝外形飞行器弹性支撑和低频振动模拟问题。利用新建立的试验装置研究了马赫数、迎角、减缩频率对动稳定特性的影响。在短钝外形飞行器气动力特点下,新设计的弹性铰链能够满足模型支撑和振动需要,轴承铰链的支撑方式可以在风洞中模拟接近实际减缩频率的振动。在亚跨超声速风洞中完成了某短钝外形飞行器俯仰动导数的测量,获取了俯仰动不稳定状态点,为此类飞行器的动稳定特性研究提供了试验基础。

In order to study the dynamic stability characteristics of the short-blunt shape vehicle,the free oscillation dynamic derivative test method is used to establish the dynamic derivative measurement test technology in the 1.2 m trisonic wind tunnel.The newly designed elastic hinges and bearing hinges solve the problem of elastic support and low-frequency oscillation simulation of the short-blunt shape vehicle,and the newly established test device is used to study the influence of the Mach number,angle of attack,reduced frequency,and shape on dynamic stability characteristics.The newly designed elastic hinge can meet the model support and oscillation requirement under the aerodynamic characteristic condition of the short-blunt shape vehicle in the wind tunnel,and the bearing hinge support can simulate the oscillation frequency close to the actual reduced frequency in the wind tunnel.In the trisonic wind tunnel,the measurement of the pitch derivative of a short-blunt shaped vehicle was completed,and the unstable state points of the pitching were obtained,which provides experimental support for future research on the dynamic stability characteristics of this type of vehicle.