模块化热控技术及其在低轨卫星中的应用

Modular Thermal Control Technology and Its Application for Circular Low Earth Orbit Satellites

针对模块化卫星各模块结构独立且需满足重复分离的要求,以及热耗不均衡分散分布的特点,提出金属基底-阵列碳纳米管热接口、结构板石墨烯涂膜及智能热控涂层散热面的模块化热控技术。该热控技术建立了可重复分离的模块间及受限空间模块内部的高效传热路径,并可自适应外热流变化,从而实现模块化卫星分散式热耗的协同散热。通过热仿真有限元分析模拟了近地圆轨道卫星在轨极端工况下的温度响应,结果满足热控指标要求,验证了模块化热控技术在低轨模块化卫星中的应用。

Differently from traditional integration satellites,the modular satellites consist of several structurally independent modules and the heat dissipation is unevenly distributed,while the interface between modules should support repeatable connection-separating.Therefore,the traditional thermal control design,which supports the independent heat dissipation of an integration satellite,cannot meet the thermal control requirements of the modular satellite.In this paper the modular thermal control technology is proposed.The carbon nanotube array on metal substrate is used as the thermal interface of the modules to realize the separable cross-module heat transfer.The internal surface of structural panels is coated by graphene film to enhance the internal heat transfer in the modules with limited internal space.The smart thermal control coating is used at all the heat rejection surfaces to suppress the orbital heat flux variations.By using the technology,the thermal connection of the assembly and reconstruction system is built and the synergistic heat dissipation of the whole satellite is achieved.As to validate the proposed technology,the finite element model of the circular low earth orbit satellite is established and the in-orbit temperature in the extreme working conditions is simulated.The result indicates that the modular thermal control technology proposed in this paper can satisfy the thermal control demand of the modular satellite.