血常规检查在鉴别诊断地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血中的临床意义

Clinical significance of routine blood tests in the differential diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia

目的探讨血常规检查在地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血中的临床意义。方法选取本院2017年10月至2019年10月收治的72例贫血患者作为贫血组,另选取本院同期健康体检者72名作为健康对照组。比较两组红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量和红细胞平均体积;比较不同类型贫血患者血常规检测指标;比较单一血常规指标检测和联合检测的阳性检出率。结果贫血组红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量和红细胞平均体积均低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。缺铁性贫血患者红细胞和血红蛋白水平均低于地中海贫血患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二者红细胞平均血红蛋白含量和红细胞平均体积比较差异无统计学意义。红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量和红细胞平均体积联合检测对缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的检出率均高于单项指标检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血常规检验方便快捷,在地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血的鉴别诊断中价值较高,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical significance of blood routine examination in thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia.Methods 72 patients with anemia admitted to our hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the anemia group,and 72 people with physical examination admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy control group.The red blood cells,hemoglobin,the average red blood cell hemoglobin content and the average volume of red blood cells were compared between two groups;the blood routine test indexes of patients with different types of anemia were compared;the positive detection rate of single blood routine index detection and combined detection were compared.Results The red blood cell,hemoglobin,red blood cell average hemoglobin content and the average red blood cell volume of the anemia group were lower than those of the healthy control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The red blood cell and hemoglobin levels of iron-deficiency anemia patients were lower than those of thalassemia patients,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the average red blood cell hemoglobin content and the average red blood cell volume between the two groups.Red blood cell,hemoglobin,red blood cell average hemoglobin content and red blood cell average volume combined detection rate of iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia were higher than single index detection,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Routine blood tests are convenient and quick,which has high value in the differential diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia,and it is worthy of clinical application.