中学校园足球竞赛中运动员攻击性行为影响因素研究

Influencing Factors of Athletes'Aggressive Behavior in Middle School Football Matches

为降低校园足球竞赛中运动员攻击性行为的发生率,提高比赛的观赏性,促进校园足球高质量发展。本研究采用问卷调查法、专家访谈法和结构方程模型(SEM)等研究方法对校园足球竞赛中运动员攻击性行为影响因素进行调查与分析。借助AMOS软件构建足球竞赛中运动员攻击性行为影响因素模型并对其进行分析后得出,影响运动员攻击性行为因素的重要程度由大到小依次为:表现与内心认知不符和发挥失常等个体状态因素、场外情绪影响和双方实力悬殊较大等其他因素、比赛中遇到困难和队友的抱怨等竞赛心理因素以及教练员在比赛中战术的安排和观众喧哗、吵闹、起哄等竞赛条件因素。中学校园足球竞赛中,男运动员比女运动员更容易产生攻击行为,运动员攻击行为随着学段和训练年限的增长而增加。基于此提出了在足球训练中应注重提高个体的适应性,增强赛场环境的应变能力和提高个体心理能力,并依据运动员性别、训练年限和学段组织有针对性训练的对策建议。

In order to reduce the incidence of aggressive behavior in campus football competition,improve the game's enjoyment,and promote the high-quality development of campus football.In this study,questionnaire survey,expert interview,structural equation model(SEM)and other research methods were used to investigate and analyze the influencing factors of athletes'aggressive behavior in campus football competitions.AMOS is used to build the influencing factors model of athletes'aggressive behavior in football competition and analyze it.The results show that the importance degree of factors influencing athletes'aggressive behavior is as follows:Individual state factors such as performance inconsistent with inner cognition and abnormal performance,other factors such as the influence of emotion outside the court and the great disparity between the strength of both sides,psychological factors such as difficulties encountered in the match and the complaints of teammates,as well as the coaches'arrangement of tactics in the match and the competition conditions such as the audience's noise,noise and heckler.In middle school campus football competition,male athletes are more likely to have aggressive behavior than female athletes,and the aggressive behavior increases with the increase of learning period and training years.Based on this,the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on improving individual's adaptability,enhancing the adaptability of the field environment and improving individual's psychological ability in football training,and organizing specific training according to athlete's gender,training years and learning period.